Skip to main content

Bài 1.6: Động từ “to be”.


Động từ “to be” là một động từ đặc biệt và gần như có nhiều dạng thức nhất trong nhóm động từ. Vì vây, để giải thích rõ ràng ý nghĩa và các sử dụng động từ “to be” là một vấn đề khá phức tạp. Mình sẽ có gắng giải thích một cách dễ hiểu nhất cho các bạn.

1.  Về dạng thức của “to be”


Dạng thức
Chủ ngữ đi kèm
Cách sử dụng
Thì hiện tại
am
I
Sử dụng ở thì hiện tại đơn, hiện tại tiếp diễn, dạng bị động ở thì hiện tại.
VD:
I am here.
I am studying math.
Rice is grown in field.
is
He, She, It, That, This, What, Which, Where…
are
We, They, You, Those, There, What, Which, Where…
Thì quá khứ
was
I, You, He, She, It, What, Which, Where…
Sử dụng ở thì quá khứ, quá khứ tiếp diễn và dạng bị động ở thì quá khứ.
VD:
I was there
I was studying math when he came in.
Rice was grown last month.
were
We, They, You, Those, There, What, Which, Where…
simple verb form
be
X
Sử dụng khi nếu theo sau các động từ ở Bài 6Bài 7 và theo sau các condition verbs gồm: can, could, may, might, must, have to, will, would, shall, should, ought to, had better.
VD:
I will be there in the morning.
I shall be angry if he do the thing.
V-ing form
being
X
Sử dụng nếu theo sau các động từ đã trình bày ở Bài 2Bài 6.
VD:
He stopped me being a singer.
He make me being a a foolish.
infinitive form
to be
X
Sử dụng nếu theo sau các động từ được trình bài ở Bài 3Bài 4
VD:
He asked me to be here.
He prefers being a child.
PP
been
X
Được sử dụng ở thì hoàn thành, hoặc dạng bị động ở các thì hoàn thành, hoàn thành tiếp diễn; thường theo sau trợ động từ have, has hoặc had.
VD:
I have never been here…

2.  Chức năng của động từ “to be”.

Chức năng
Vị trí thường gặp
Ví dụ
Làm lingking verb
Trong các câu gồm S + to be + adj/N
a. He is handsome.
b. This is a book.
làm helping verbs
Trong các câu ở thì tiếp diễn và các câu ở dạng bị động
Xem "to be" làm helping verbs rõ hơn ở Bài 1.3
a. I am writing at the moment.
b. Rice is grown in field.
Làm động từ thường
Trong các câu có cấu trúc: S + to be + adv (ở đây là phó từ chỉ thời gian hoặc địa điểm)
a. I am here.
b. It is 7 o'clock now.


Nhìn chung những vấn đề động từ “to be” được tổng hợp gần như đầy đủ trong bài viết này. Tất nhiên khi bạn càng đi sâu vào tìm hiểu hay sử dụng thì bạn mới thấy rõ được các vấn đề mà mình đã đề cập trong bài viết. Bởi có lẽ nếu bạn chỉ nhì sơ qua bài viết thì sẽ không hiểu được tầm quan trọng của nó. Khi vấp phải rồi bạn sẽ thấy nhìn bài viết có vẻ ngắn gọn nhưng kiến thức bao hàm trong nó thì rất lớn. Mình không thể trình bày quá chi tiết được mà chỉ dụng lại ở mức tổng quan. Hy vọng bài viết có thể giúp ích được phần nào cho các bạn.

Hẹn gặp lại !!!
“Bài viết được biên soạn bởi Hung Nguyen"

Comments

BÀI ĐĂNG ĐƯỢC XEM NHIỀU

List of Vietnamese fairy tales

Vietnamese  fairy tales includes many stories as Tam and Cam; So Dua; Hundred – knot- bamboo tree... which were spread in folk. Each stories has  its own meaning. I think I can not translate exactly each word into english but I will try my best to convey its meaning to you. Hope you like them!

Thanh Giong

Once  upon a time, a woman was old but she had not given birth a child. One day, when she went to her field, she saw a stranger footsore on the ground. The big footsore made her surprise and said: “omg, this footsore is so big” the she put her foot into the footsore. More 9 months later, she gave birth to a little boy named Giong. The boy was extraordinary that he was over three years old but had not spoken. He only knew lying and smiling. vietnamesefairytales.blogspot.com That year, the enemies they were known An planed to attack the country of the boy. They were merciless. Wherever they had gone, houses were ruined, fields were fired, people were killed. The sight behind them is mess of corpse and blood and ashes.The King was worry he forced his servants to look for person who could fight against the enemies.  One day, a servent went to Giong’s village while the woman was holding the boy in her arms, she said sadly that: “Giong, I wonder that when you hav...

Bài 1.2: Phân biệt tân ngữ và bổ ngữ.

Hầu hết các bạn học tiếng anh đều đã từng nghe qua khái niệm tân ngữ và bổ ngữ nhưng không phải ai cũng làm rõ hai khái niệm này. Vì vậy mình có viết một bài hy vọng phần nào giúp ích cho các bạn trong việc phân biệt rõ đâu là bổ ngữ và đâu là tân ngữ. Việc này có thể có ích cho các bạn khi nghiên cứu các tài liệu học tiếng anh khác.

Bài 1.5: Cách sử dụng at, on, in cho thời gian, ngày, tháng, năm, mùa.

Chào các bạn! Bởi vì mình có hay dich truyện và một vài thứ linh tinh khác nên thường bắt gặp ngày, tháng năm. Thật ra khôngkhó để sử dụng đúng nhưng mỗi lần cần đến mình lại phải tra lại tra cứu. Điều đó rất mất thời gian nên hôm nay mình viết một bài liên quan đến at, on, in + thời gian để giúp bạn nào chưa biết và giúp chính mình nhớ được cách sử dụng của các giới từ at, on, in và dạng thời gian được theo sau giới từ đó.

The tale of watermelon

Once  upon a time, a young man whose name was Mai An  Tiem   was a slave. He was sold to a King named Hung   Vuong . Mai An   Tiem   was clever, he   learned   vietnamese   language very fast.   Futher , he knew so many stories, places and could do everything so good so he was liked by Hung   Vuong   very much that wherever Hung   Vuong   had come he also came with him. Three years later, he was Hung   Vuong   let to become a noble and was stayed in a building near the castle. Besides, Hung   Vuong   made his daughter become his wife.  Mai An   Tiem   now had wife, a five-year-old son, servants and assets. He seemed to lack nothing. Although he had never been arrogant people still were jealous with his his luck. vietnamesefairytales.blogspot.com One day, people who were participating in a party complimented as much as they could but he only said: “That because of ...

Thach Sanh and Ly Thong Chapter 1

Chap 1:  fight with huge snake  Once upon a time, a woodcutter and  his wife were over sixty years old but they had had not any children. Although they were sad, they still did good thing and hoped God would give them one child. At last, their kindness had come to King of heaven who requested his son to fly down and reincarnate to be the old couple’son. They had just enjoyed the happiness for a short time. Then, the old man died, before his son was born. Vietnamesefairytales.blogspot.com After that, the woman gave birth to a beautiful, strength boy. She named him Thach Sach. The poor boy grew up with no father then his mother also left after few years living with him. They only left him an ax and a pair of shorts. Day by day, he went to forest, cut tree, split them then took to market to get money. When he was thirteen, king of heaven forced his servants down to teach him magic and martial arts. Then they was back heaven, Thach Sanh continued living alone in...

Wishing pearl

De was a young boy. His parent was servants of a landlord. Every morning, De led landlord’s cattle to meadow and brought them back at nightfall. De used to be excited in playing with his fellows and when he was in his game he didn’t care anything. Many times the cattle he herded ate rice on field and the owners used to beat him pained but he still left cattle and joined in his fellows. One normal day, he and his fellows had a swimming competition. An award was given to the winner that he couldn’t refuse. Therefore, he participated in the competition and left his cattle on a wild hill. They swam and dived in water until noon and when they walked on ground, a cow had disappeared. The cow belonged to no one but his master. Children separated to find the cow but the cow seemed to vanish they couldn’t find it. Sun was going to down, children made their ways to home they left De staying at there. Day stayed at there alone crying. After that, he fell in sleep. Latter, he was woken up b...

So dua - Coconut boy

Once upon a time, there in a village had a couple who worked as servants for a landlord. Although they were over fifty years old, they had ever not had a child. They were sad about that, but they had never given up to dream about a child. One day, it's a very hot day, when the wife was working in the field and felt very thirsty. She seeked for water, but she didn't see any but a little water in a skull which was in a hole beside an ancient tree. She had no choice but to drink it. Right the moment she drank, the feeling of cold water running from her throat to her stomach made her felt very comfortable. As a magic, she was pregnant after that short time. Then, the husband died before he got the happiness looking his child be born. After nine months and ten days, the wife gave birth a son but he didn't look like any child on the world. He had no feet, no leg, and even no body. He just had a head with full of eyes, nose, ear, hair and mouth on it. He didn't ugly but was ...

Thach Sanh and Ly Thong Chapter 2

Chapte r 2: attack to the giant eagle One day, as Quynh Nga who was the King’s daughter was walking in the garden, a giant eagle flew down from the sky and brought her away. The eagle flew cross the hut where Thach Sanh now was living. Thach Sanh saw that eagle so he shot a arrow. The arrow stuck on the eagle’s left wing but it took the arrow out by its beak and continued flying. vietnamesefairytales.blogspot.com Thach Sanh followed blood dropped on the ground and found out a cave where the eagle lived. He ticked on the entrance of cave them he came back his hut.